@PhDThesis{Ferreira:2020:EsTeSu,
author = "Ferreira, Fabiana Louren{\c{c}}o e Silva",
title = "Estimativas de temperatura superficial por sat{\'e}lite e
an{\'a}lise clim{\'a}tica em munic{\'{\i}}pio de grande porte
no Brasil",
school = "Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)",
year = "2020",
address = "S{\~a}o Jos{\'e} dos Campos",
month = "2020-05-05",
keywords = "temperatura das superf{\'{\i}}cies, {\'a}reas urbanas,
caracter{\'{\i}}sticas espectrais, zonas clim{\'a}ticas locais,
diagn{\'o}stico, surface temperature, urban areas, spectral
characteristics, local climate zones, diagnosis.",
abstract = "O aquecimento global pode aumentar a vulnerabilidade das
popula{\c{c}}{\~o}es ao calor e alterar o padr{\~a}o de consumo
de energia nas cidades. Nesse sentido faz-se necess{\'a}rio o
desenvolvimento de pol{\'{\i}}ticas urbanas, que enfoquem o uso
de infraestrutura verde, azul e cinza para promover a
retroalimenta{\c{c}}{\~a}o negativa do sistema clim{\'a}tico
urbano naturalmente. O objetivo desta pesquisa {\'e} desenvolver
metodologia para produzir diagn{\'o}sticos em diferentes escalas
urbanas, considerando a distribui{\c{c}}{\~a}o da temperatura
das superf{\'{\i}}cies e os padr{\~o}es da paisagem; e fornecer
informa{\c{c}}{\~o}es para o desenvolvimento de
pol{\'{\i}}ticas urbanas de adapta{\c{c}}{\~a}o e
resili{\^e}ncia ao calor. O m{\'e}todo contempla o uso de
imagens Landsat-8, para estimar e mapear a temperatura das
superf{\'{\i}}cies e suas caracter{\'{\i}}sticas espectrais
(albedo, emissividade, fra{\c{c}}{\~a}o de cobertura de
vegeta{\c{c}}{\~a}o e {\'{\i}}ndice de umidade por
diferen{\c{c}}a normalizada), a integra{\c{c}}{\~a}o dos dados
num espa{\c{c}}o celular georreferenciado, analises
explorat{\'o}rias, agrupamento de clusters de temperatura de
superf{\'{\i}}cie e identifica{\c{c}}{\~a}o de zonas
clim{\'a}ticas locais. A {\'a}rea de estudos {\'e} S{\~a}o
Jos{\'e} dos Campos, SP, Brasil, onde a zona clim{\'a}tica local
3, com constru{\c{c}}{\~o}es compactas de pequeno porte {\'e}
predominante. Na {\'a}rea de estudos, a diferen{\c{c}}a de
temperatura de superf{\'{\i}}cie chegou a 12°C e ocorreu entre
{\'a}reas onde observam-se superf{\'{\i}}cies perme{\'a}veis e
sombreadas, associadas {\`a} presen{\c{c}}a de {\'a}rvores e
edifica{\c{c}}{\~o}es verticais, denominadas sumidouros de
calor, e {\'a}reas compostas por extensas constru{\c{c}}{\~o}es
em superf{\'{\i}}cies plenamente impermeabilizadas com intensa
produ{\c{c}}{\~a}o de calor antropog{\^e}nico, denominadas
pontos quentes. As an{\'a}lises permitiram inferir a
depend{\^e}ncia espacial da temperatura da superf{\'{\i}}cie,
apesar da variabilidade sazonal podendo ser utilizada como
indicador do desempenho t{\'e}rmico e energ{\'e}tico de
{\'a}reas urbanas. O mapeamento da temperatura das
superf{\'{\i}}cies e do {\'{\i}}ndice de unidade por
diferen{\c{c}}a normalizada permitiram identificar os fatores que
influenciam os processos de retroalimenta{\c{c}}{\~a}o negativa
e positiva do sistema clim{\'a}tico urbano, zonas clim{\'a}ticas
locais associadas, e avaliar o impacto de pol{\'{\i}}ticas
voltadas para promover a adapta{\c{c}}{\~a}o e a
resili{\^e}ncia urbana ao calor. ABSTRACT: Global warming will
increase peoples vulnerability to heat and alter energy
consumption standards in the cities. This way we must develop
urban policies which will focus on the green, blue and grey
infrastructure to promote the negative feedback of the urban
climatic system naturally. This research is aimed at developing a
methodology to produce diagnosis of different urban scales,
considering the distribution of surfaces temperature, landscape
patterns, and provide development of urban policies with data in
the light of adaptation as well as resilience to heat. The method
contemplates the use of images Landsat-8, to estimate and to map
the surfaces` temperature and its spectral features (albedo,
emissivity, fraction vegetation cover and normalized difference
moisture index), the data integration at the cellular
georeferenciated space, exploratory analyses, clusters gathering
of the surface temperature and the identification of local
climatic zones. The study area is S{\~a}o Jos{\'e} dos Campos,
SP, Brazil, where the local climatic zone 3, together with compact
construction sites of minor standards are predominant. In the
study area, the difference in the surface temperature reached 12°C
and took place in areas with permeable and shaded surfaces,
associated to the presence of trees and vertical edifications,
called heat sinks, and areas composed by extensive constructions
on fully impermeable surfaces with intense anthropogenic heat
production, called hot points. The analyses infer a special
dependence of the surface temperature, despite its seasonal
variability. The results indicated that the surfaces temperature
and normalized difference moisture index can be used as indicators
of the thermic and energetic performance of urban areas, as it is
likely to identify factors which influence negative and positive
feedback processes of the urban climatic system associated to
local climatic zones and evaluate the impact on policies which
promote adaptation as well as urban resilience to heat.",
committee = "Kampel, Silvana Amaral (presidente) and Pereira, Enio Bueno
(orientador) and Bezerra, Francisco Gilney da Silva and Labaki,
Lucila Chebel and Sousa J{\'u}nior, Wilson Cabral de",
englishtitle = "Surface temperature estimates by satellite and climate analysis in
a large municipality in Brazil",
language = "pt",
pages = "147",
ibi = "8JMKD3MGP3W34P/42C27TE",
url = "http://urlib.net/ibi/8JMKD3MGP3W34P/42C27TE",
targetfile = "publicacao.pdf",
urlaccessdate = "28 abr. 2024"
}